10月15日：生态智慧与可持续发展

题  目：Bridging  Ecological Wisdom and Urban Sustainability Planning

报告人：Robert H.  Twiss Emeritus Professor

主持人：象伟宁教授

时   间：2014年10月15日（周三）13:00

地   点：闵行校区生科辅楼119室

报告人简介：

Robert  Twiss, PhD, is Emeritus Professor of Environmental Planning, College of  Environmental Design, The University of California, Berkeley. Research and  teaching covered natural-science support for land and regional planning, and  research & development for web-based geographic information systems. His  professional work has emphasized the bridging of science and public policy  through the creation of planning methods and tools. He has served on numerous  public bodies that apply science to environmental problems; including: the US   Environmental Protection Agency Independent Science Board and the Independent  Science Board for Ecosystem Restoration of the California Delta.  He has  served as a consultant on complex environmental issues, including the California  Governor’s Delta Blue Ribbon Task Force and the Delta Stewardship Council. He  has served on governing boards with land-use regulatory authority, including  service as Chair of the Governing Board of the California Tahoe Regional  Planning Agency, and Chair of the California State Mining and Geology  Board.  Twiss has  advised local, regional, state, and federal agencies and foreign governments,  with and appointment as Special Representative of the United Nations on the  Physical Development Plan for the Republic of Montenegro. He has had two  assignments in China dealing with regional planning and environmental  impact assessment. Other international work included brief assignments in  Mexico, Australia, Russia, and Ecuador.

报告内容简介：

Planning  based upon science and ecology can reduce risks from natural disasters, mitigate  the environmental impacts of development, and help create a more efficient and  beautiful urban system. But planners and scientists must work together to bridge  the gap between the search for ecological wisdom and its practical application  to critical problems in development. The speaker will address two such  “bridges”: land classification (Stewart, 1968), and conceptual modeling (Healey,  2004).

With  reference to two case studies, this presentation will analyse the ways in which  ecological wisdom was compiled and actually applied in implementation. The first  case covers planning and land regulation that have taken place over the past  forty-four years at Lake Tahoe. The second involves current planning for  California’s Sacramento/San Joaquin Delta. These regions differ in size, natural  features, and economics, but both have plans that are based upon science and  ecology. Translation of science into practice has been effective at Tahoe, but   as yet, less so in the Delta; so comparison of context, approaches, and methods  may help guide work on high-risk and ecologically sensitive areas in China and  elsewhere in the world. This presentation will seek to compare these two cases  as to the concepts and tools used to bridge wisdom and sustainable practices;  looking especially at land classification and related components: conceptual  models, and adaptive management.

题  目：Ecological  Wisdom and the Eco/Green Cities Movement

报告人：Michael  Healey Emeritus Professor

主持人：象伟宁教授

时   间：2014年10月15日（周三）13:30

地   点：闵行校区生科辅楼119室

报告人简介：Dr.  Michael Healey received BSc (1964) and MSc (1966) degrees in zoology from the  University of British Columbia, Canada, and a PhD (1969) from the University of  Aberdeen, Scotland. In 1969 he was awarded a postdoctoral fellowship at the  Pacific Biological Station in Nanaimo where he conducted research on schooling  behaviour in salmon. From 1971 until 1990, Dr. Healey was a research scientist  with the Canadina federal government at the Freshwater Institute in Winnipeg  (1970-74) where he conducted research on ecology and management of freshwater   fishes in Canada’s Arctic and at the Pacific Biological Station in Nanaimo  (1974-1990) where he conducted research on the ecology and management of Pacific  salmon. In 1990 he joined the faculty of the University of British Columbia as  Director of the Westwater Research Centre, a multidisciplinary Centre devoted to  research and policy analysis of issues related to water. From 1994 to 1997 he  directed a multifaculty research project investigating prospects for   sustainability in the lower Fraser River basin, one of six large scale projects  across Canada focused on sustainable environmental management. He retired from  UBC in 2007. From 2007 to 2008 he was lead scientist for the CALFED Bay Delta  program in California. As lead scientist he also served as science advisor to a  Blue Ribbon Task Force developing a vision for sustainable management of water  and the environment in the Sacramento San Joaquin Rivers Delta. In 2005 and  again in 2009 he was visiting professor of Canadian Studies at Kwansei Gakuin  University in Japan where he taught courses on environmental policy. Early in  his career, Dr. Healey began investigating ways to make science relevant to policy making and developing his ability to interpret science to policy makers.  Dr. Healey has served as a consultant to government and industry in Canada, the  United States and Asia on the management of aquatic habitat and on restoration  of aquatic ecosystems, most notably as a member of the science advisory  committee for the Northern River Basins Study in Alberta and as a member of  advisory committees on ecosystem restoration for the CALFED Bay Delta program in  California. He is author of more than 200 articles and books on aquatic ecology  and resource management.

报告内容简介：

In this  presentation, the speaker will propose to pull together a number of facets of  practical ecological wisdom and show how they provide a foundation for  sustainable landscape and urban planning. In developing these ideas he will use  as an illustration the city of Vancouver, BC, Canada, which has as its objective  to become the world’s greenest city by 2020. He will also make comparison with  other Green or Eco City projects in China (Tianjin) and Sweden (Malmo). Many  aspects of ecological theory and principles for designing with nature have been   put forward as tools to assist in designing vibrant and sustainable urban  systems. As yet, however, there is no comprehensive framework for  conceptualizing the sustainable urban landscape that takes account of the  importance of scale and interactions among scales. He will examine the plans and  policies of each city to determine how well they are informed by the principles  of ecological design for sustainability sketched above. He will provide an  assessment of what we can learn about the path to urban sustainability from each  example and how we can make the ecological wisdom necessary for sustainability  more actionable and practical.

题  目：Six  Dimensions of Ecological Intervention: finding and communicating  wisdom

报告人：Ian  Bishop

主持人：象伟宁教授

时   间：2014年10月15日（周三）14:00

地   点：闵行校区生科辅楼119室

报告人简介：Ian Bishop  is a Professorial Fellow in the School of Engineering, Department of  Infrastructure Engineering, at the University of Melbourne and, in 2014, a  visiting Fellow in the Shanghai Key Lab for Ecological Processes and  Eco-Restoration (SHUES), School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East  China Normal University. He has worked for many years with emerging technologies  (GIS, visualization, game engines and, most recently, smartphones) with a view  to development of novel spatial applications especially in landscape. Ian has a  special interest, and undertaken fundamental research, in visual analysis of   landscapes, the visual impact of infrastructure and the opportunity through  visualization to better communicate possible environmental futures to a wide  public. He believes that use of emerging technologies and processes can improve  the management of natural resources and to contribute to more meaningful public  participation in environmental management.

报告内容简介：

People  have been altering the natural environment for millennia. More recently these  interventions, which are invariably undertaken with expectation of benefits,  increasingly turn out to be detrimental when their broader consequences emerge.  People have made far more mistakes in their ecological interventions than they  have had successes, and can certainly become ecologically wiser or at least less  naïve by learning from these lessons. However, because the lack of a cohesive  framework under which these lessons can be systematically documented and   communicated, both the learning and disseminating of these pieces of valuable  ecological knowledge have been limited, and often on an ad hoc basis.  

This  presentation is centered on the following question: How can ecological lessons  be classified in a way that makes them more actionable—relevant, usable, useful,  and effective—to both scholars and practitioners in their practice for wiser  planning and design?  It suggests a set of dimensions on which  ecological interventions can be systematically classified. These are: The  rationale, the type of intervention, the physical scale, the temporal scale, the  degree of supporting knowledge, and the degree of impact. Within each dimension   classes are identified. So, for example, types of interventions may involve  regulation, persuasion, engineering, market-based approaches or biological  control. We present examples to illustrate these key dimensions and suggest ways  to assess interventions within this framework. We argue that this may help in  the identification and communication of wise options.

题  目：Can  Ecological Aesthetics Be New Wisdom in Urban Planning and Design?

报告人：Xinhao  Wang Professor

主持人：象伟宁  教授

时   间：2014年10月15日（周三）14:30

地   点：闵行校区生科辅楼119室

报告人简介：Dr. Xinhao  Wang is a professor of Planning and Co-Director of the Joint Center of  Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Analysis at the University of  Cincinnati. He holds a Ph.D. in City and Regional Planning from the University  of Pennsylvania, Master of Community Planning from the University of Rhode  Island, Master of Science in Environmental Geo-Sciences from Peking University  and Bachelor of Science in Geography from Peking University. He teaches courses  in Geographic Information System (GIS), environmental planning, statistics, and  research methods. His research interests are in the areas of environmental  planning and integrated applications of GIS, visualization, and modeling in  planning and urban studies, such as environment and ecological protection,  housing and urban livability, land-air and land-water modeling as well as river  and watershed water modeling. Prior to the University of Cincinnati, he worked  as planning, environment, and GIS consultant in China and the United States. His   recent passion is to promote healthy urbanization using eco-aesthetics   principles. Professor Wang is a member of the American Institute of Certified  Planner.

报告内容简介：

After  theoretical discussion of ecoaesthetics, the speaker will present a case study  in City of Wilmington, the county seat of Clinton County, Ohio, a small city  community in the United States to demonstrate the application of ecoaesthetics.  His study develops and compares multiple scenarios, using quality of life  indicators based on ecoaesthetics. The indicators are grouped into natural,  physical, social, economic, and services categories, a multi-dimensional  measurement of ecoaesthetics. GIS-based tools are used in the study, in  particular, ArcGIS, and its Community Vizextension and City Engine, a standalone  product which provides users with the ability to turn 2D GIS data into 3D city.  The methodology includes scenario generation, developing future model and   visualization, and human experience evaluation. The aim of such comparison is to  answer the question “can future development in small cities and towns be managed  and/or tailored in such a way that it is economically viable and possesses  characters appreciated by the residents who embrace ecological knowledge?” The  project is an example of making ecological wisdom actionable and practical in  assisting planning decision making efforts to create a sustainable urban   environment that enriches public perception of ecological values.